Since 2021, the rules governing college athletics, and particularly name, image, and likeness (NIL), have been shaped less by a single national policy than by a patchwork of state laws, NCAA rule changes, and court decisions. In the absence of congressional action, courts have effectively set the boundaries of permissible compensation, transfers, eligibility, and enforcement, often one challenge at a time.

On January 6, 2025, University of Washington standout quarterback Demond Williams announced that he plans to enter the NCAA transfer portal just four days after reportedly signing a contract with Washington football for the 2026-27 season.[i] Williams’ deal with Washington has been reported to be for approximately $4 million, which is considered near the top of the market in terms of revenue sharing and NIL compensation for a student-athlete.[ii] It has been reported that Washington has no intention of releasing Williams from his contract and plans to pursue legal action against Williams. Washington officials have described the contract as a “legally binding revenue-sharing contract with the school.”[iii] Under the recent House settlement, schools are entitled to compensate student-athletes through a revenue-sharing pool that is capped at approximately $20.5 million.

On March 13, the NCAA issued guidance in the form of a Q&A defining the scope of the eligibility waiver it previously approved on December 23, 2024, for student-athletes who have competed at non-NCAA institutions, such as junior colleges (JUCO) and National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) schools. The December 2024 waiver[1] extended an extra year of eligibility in the 2025-26 academic year to student-athletes who previously “competed at a non-NCAA school for one or more years,” and otherwise would have exhausted their NCAA eligibility following the 2024-25 season.